Construction of Space Frame Structure for Gymnasium Roof (Part 1)

With the continuous development of modern society, the construction industry has also achieved considerable development. The space frame structure has been widely promoted in public buildings such as stadiums, airports, and exhibition centers. Its structural form and construction technology continue to become more and more complex. For gymnasium buildings, most of the roof forms are closed structures with a large span. With the advantages of large span space, less steel consumption, high rigidity, and good performance of the space frame structure, it can well meet the requirements of gymnasiums. construction needs. At the same time, in construction practice, in view of the continuous development and transformation of the structural characteristics of the space frame structure such as boundary conditions and stress forms, and under the combined influence of a series of factors such as human operation, construction technology, and construction environment, the space frame structure There are many safety risks in the construction. There are not a few safety accidents caused during the construction of space frame structures at home and abroad.

1. Space framestructure

• Classification of space frame The space frame structure is mainly a super statically indeterminate space structure system constructed by a large number of rods based on the corresponding space frame form and relying on node connections. Today, the space frame structure has transformed into a new type of structure that is most widely used in the world. There are many different types of space frame structures. According to different construction materials, space frame structures can be divided into steel space frames, wooden space frames, aluminum space frames, reinforced concrete space frames, and composite space frames. The steel space frame is the most widely promoted in our country, and the combined space frame can also be used as a floor structure. According to different space frame structures, the space frame structure can be divided into single-layer space frame structure, double-layer space frame structure and three-layer space frame structure. Among them, because the span space applicable to the single-layer space frame structure is less than 30m, the three-layer space frame structure The applicable span space of the structure exceeds 100m, so it is rarely used in construction projects in my country. According to different support conditions, the space frame structure can also be divided into three-sided support, four-point support, peripheral support, mixed support, etc.
• Advantages of space frame The advantages of the space frame structure are mainly manifested in the following aspects: First, the node connection is convenient and reliable. With the continuous development and improvement of the space frame structure, its space frame nodes and components continue to develop in the direction of factoryization and finalization, which not only effectively improves the efficiency of node connection production and installation, but also ensures the reliability of the overall performance of the nodes. The second is to save materials, and a larger span space can be realized with less materials. As an ultra-statically definite space structure system, the space frame structure supports each other with interconnected rods to realize the effective combination of the stressed rods and the support system. At the same time, the rods can also realize the axial force, which can effectively save materials. Larger span spaces can be achieved with less material. The third is the mechanization and factoryization of processing and production. Both the nodes and the rods of the space frame structure are relatively simple and tend to be finalized, so they can be mass-produced through the factory. In this way, not only the processing quality can be ensured, but also the production efficiency can be improved. These are other related It is incomparable to the processing and production of spatial structure. Fourth, the structure is diverse and rich, and the layout is convenient, which can meet the construction requirements of different buildings. There are more than 20 types of space frame structures, but all space frame structures are particularly regular and easy to arrange, which can bring great convenience to users. At the same time, the space frame structure is exposed or partially exposed. With its regular graphic style, the overall effect of the building can be greatly enriched. In addition, the space frame structure can also be applied to various supporting conditions and building planes, and can meet the construction requirements of different buildings, so it has been favored by the majority of architectural engineering designers and construction personnel.

2. Common construction methods of space framestructure in gymnasium

Gymnasiums are widely used in physical exercise, sports competitions, music performances and other activities. In the gymnasium, it is not difficult to find that most of its top or periphery is supported by a space frame structure. With the continuous development of our country’s social economy, space frame structure has been widely promoted in public buildings by virtue of its series of advantages. Today, the commonly used construction methods for the gymnasium space frame structure mainly include the following:

• High-altitude bulk method. The high-altitude bulk method mainly refers to the method of directly assembling the brackets, rods and steel balls of the space frameat the design space position in combination with the design drawings. At the same time, the corresponding rods and steel balls can also be assembled on the ground into a small After the unit components are assembled, they are assembled on-site at high altitude. If the indoor headroom of the building is high, it is possible to create a working platform for the construction personnel by setting up indoor scaffolding or supporting component cantilevered scaffolding. This construction method is usually used in various high-strength screw-connected buildings, especially suitable for difficult hoisting situations. In addition, the key to the construction of high-altitude bulk method is to grasp the correct assembly sequence and reasonably adjust the elevation and axis position, because it involves a large number of nodes and components, so there is a certain degree of construction difficulty.
• Strip and block installation method. The strip installation method mainly refers to a construction method that divides the network frame into various strip or block units, uses a crane to hoist the equipment to the design space, and then connects it as a whole. The block installation method is suitable for the construction of small and medium-sized space frame Because of this, most of its components can be welded on the ground, which can improve the quality of the project and save the effect of assembling brackets.
• High-altitude gliding method. The high-altitude sliding method mainly refers to the construction method of assembling the strip space frameunits into a whole by sliding the space frame units assembled in advance on the ground to the design space position through slide rails. A notable feature of the high-altitude gliding method is that there is no need to build an indoor scaffolding work platform. At the same time, this construction method is mainly suitable for construction projects with polygonal building planes or construction projects with complex terrain on the construction site. According to the different sliding types of strip space frame units, the high-altitude sliding method can be divided into single sliding and cumulative sliding one by one. Because the welding and splicing of space frame rods, steel balls, fireproof paint, and anticorrosion paint spraying can all be carried out on the ground, and various constructions can be carried out simultaneously, and the structure assembly and ground construction do not affect each other, so this construction method has construction Convenient and time-saving application advantages.