Application of BIM Technology in Steel Building Structure Design

In recent years, the continuous improvement of science and technology has effectively promoted the rapid development of the construction engineering industry in our country, especially the emergence of BIM technology, which can share data information in the construction engineering industry, can provide more advanced and accurate data information to the relevant departments, and coordinate the work between enterprises. But in the construction structure design in our country, using BIM technology, not only can effectively guarantee the design quality, the precision of the design, the coordination analysis of the design, and multidimensional viewing of the design rationality and economics, but also ensures construction management, the organizational design of the construction, the coordination of the construction project, data sharing, and the construction safety. And through the application of BIM technology, as well as construction simulation plan and other measures, accurately describe various safety parameters of the structure, improve management efficiency, save time cost and material cost, and further improve the construction efficiency of the construction project. At present, the application of BIM technology is very wide, not only can be used in a variety of design processes but also can be used in the whole life cycle of construction projects in this paper on the application of BIM technology in building structure design launched a discussion for your reference.

1 Overview of relevant theoretical foundations

1.1 BIM technology

With the development of the construction industry becoming more and more modern, BIM technology is more and more widely used in the process of the steel structure design of construction projects. The so-called BIM technology, BIM technology is a data management tool, mainly used in engineering Design, engineering construction, and engineering management; this technology is characterized by sharing and transmitting the data, information, project planning, etc. generated during the data construction process, so that all personnel involved in the engineering construction can Accurately understand building information and respond in a timely manner. This technology improves production efficiency and saves production costs to a certain extent. The biggest feature of BIM technology is its dynamic changes, which will be continuously updated, enriched, and enriched during the use process, allowing users to understand the data in the shortest possible time. The application of BIM technology in architectural engineering design refers to the use of existing data information to effectively extract and organize the required data information. Before the formal construction of the construction project, the architectural structure model is designed, and a reasonable and feasible architectural model is established. Scale down the architectural structure that can only be imagined and explained, and finally form a visual model that people can touch and see. Then, after detailed observation and analysis of the visual model, the relevant staff will adjust and change the architectural structure design plan in real-time. Carry out the construction work of the construction project well.

1.2 Main features of BIM technology

BIM technology mainly includes information integration, visualization and simulation, coordination and optimization, drawing, visualization and simulation, integration, parameterization and other characteristics. BIM technology is a digital tool applied to engineering design, construction, and management. Through the integration of building data and information models, various processes of construction engineering design and construction can be improved to achieve higher efficiency.

1.2.1 Information Integration

The continuous improvement of china’s information technology level, has effectively promoted the innovation and development of my country’s architectural structure design technology. Correspondingly, this has continuously exposed the disadvantages and problems existing in the traditional architectural structure design methods.In the process of building structure design, by using BIM technology, the information integration advantages of BIM technology can be fully utilized. By establishing a BIM model, all building structure data information can be effectively integrated into the BIM model. Correspondingly, building structure designers can share this structural data information in the BIM model. Therefore, by using BIM technology for building structure design, it has significant data integration characteristics, and in addition, BIM models also use other technologies, such as Computer technology, three-dimensional technology, etc., and then can effectively establish a complete building structure database. There are different types of data information in the building structure database. By making full use of an in-depth analysis of this data information, the parameters and parameters of different building structure modules can be determined and help to improve the quality of building structure design.

1.2.2 Visualization and simulation

BIM technology has significant visualization and simulation characteristics, so in the design of a building structure, the use of BIM technology can effectively improve the visual effect of building structure design, building structure design staff in the design process, can have a detailed grasp of a variety of information related to building engineering, such as the material properties of building materials, light sources, etc. After mastering the information in detail, it is possible to better optimize and improve the design of the building structure, further improve the energy-saving effect of the construction project, and realize the unification of the design. In the BIM model, since all architectural engineering information can be shared, the unification of design can be realized, and various architectural detail design problems can be effectively solved, making the architectural structural design scheme more scientific, feasible, and economical.

1.2.3 Coordination and optimization

BIM coordination includes design coordination; Overall schedule coordination; Coordination of cost budget and quantity estimation; Operation and maintenance coordination and other functions of design coordination: design coordination refers to the automatic detection of BIM three-dimensional visual controls and programs, can be the intuitive layout of electromechanical pipelines and equipment in the building simulation installation, check whether collision, find out the problem and conflict, but also can adjust the floor height, wall column size, etc. So as to effectively solve the design defects easily caused by traditional methods, improve the design quality, reduce late modification, and reduce costs and risks; Overall schedule planning and coordination: Overall schedule planning and coordination refers to the simulation of the construction schedule based on BIM technology, while making adjustments according to the experience and knowledge of the forefront, greatly shortening the technical preparation time in the early stage of construction, and helping personnel at all levels to gain a higher level of understanding of the design intention and construction scheme. In the past, construction technology was usually determined by technical personnel or management, which was prone to information fault of subordinate personnel; Coordination of cost budget and quantity estimation: Cost budget, and engineering estimation coordination refers to the application of BIM technology can provide cost engineers with accurate engineering quantities, design parameters, and engineering parameters in each design stage, these quantities and parameters combined with technical and economic indicators, can calculate accurate estimates, budget estimates, and then use value engineering and limit design means to optimize the design results.At the same time, the engineering quantity generated based on BIM technology is not a simple statistic of length and area. Professional BIM cost software can carry out accurate 3D Boolean operation and entity deduction, so as to obtain more in line with the actual engineering quantity data, and can automatically form electronic documents for exchange, sharing, remote transmission, and permanent archiving. Compared with the traditional statistical methods, the accuracy and speed are greatly improved, which effectively reduces the work intensity of cost engineers and improves work efficiency. Operation and maintenance coordination: Operation and maintenance coordination includes space coordination management, facility coordination management, concealed engineering coordination management, emergency management coordination, energy conservation, and emission reduction management coordination. Space management is mainly applied to the space positioning of systems and devices such as lighting and fire fighting. By applying BIM technology, the owner can obtain the spatial location information of each system and equipment, and change the original numbering or text representation into a three-dimensional graphic position, which is intuitive and easy to find. The coordinated management of facilities is mainly reflected in the decoration, space planning, and maintenance of facilities.

1.2.4 Graphability

There is a big gap between the drawing ability of BIM and traditional architectural drawings. The modeling application of BIM technology in construction engineering can fully display, coordinate, simulate, and optimize the building model, and realize the drawing through a series of operations. Specific capability mainly includes the following aspects: first, a comprehensive pipeline diagram, through various inspection and design modifications, can eliminate the corresponding error to a large extent; Two is the general drawing and structure of the hole; Third, the collision detection report and targeted improvement plans and other drawings. The above characteristics of BIM technology determine the advantages of its application in construction engineering. From the application of BIM technology in the construction industry at home and abroad in China, foreign developed countries have formulated corresponding standards and systems for this technology. China is currently in the development period, so how to apply this technology to do a good job in the design control and management of construction projects is an important topic.

2. Application of BIM technology in architectural structure design

2.1 In terms of architectural design visualization

BIM technology, it is a kind of architectural design application that makes full use of modern information technology. In actual application, by using its own information program to build a three-dimensional model, it can intuitively display the components of the building structure to the user, and then it can better convey the building structure design information.In the process of building structure design in the past, CAD software was used to draw building structure drawings. The traditional working mode of building structure design could not directly present building structure information, which would reduce the efficiency of users to obtain information to some extent. BIM technology was used in the initial stage of building structure design. The main task is to build a three-dimensional model of the building structure and visually present the building structure to users, which can promote users to get the information of the building structure from multiple aspects and understand the layout function and basic information of the building structural components in detail.In the process of designing a large-scale building structure, designers can dynamically demonstrate the building structure by using BIM calculation, so that users can intuitively observe the information of different parts of the building structure, and then help the building structure designers to determine the best building structure design scheme. At the same time, the problems existing in the design of the building structure can be found in time, and as an important basis, formulate the corresponding effective solutions, so as to promote the design of the building structure to become more reasonable and scientific.

2.2 Design of building structure parameters

For the building structure model based on BIM technology, the model is actually a database, including all design elements and information, through the use of advanced modern information technology, can effectively connect different data parameters in the building structure model, but also has the function of automatic modification, automatic association. In the process of parameter design of building structure, BIM technology is used to establish the corresponding building structure model by using the information resources contained in the database. At the same time, in the process of building structure design, various parameters are adjusted, and then in the process of using BIM technology is to design the building structure. The database information can be updated in time. In the process of structural design of building engineering, BIM technology can be used to input and output design information safely, reliably, and with high quality, and to scientifically match data information, so as to effectively improve the design quality of building structure.

2.3 In the design of building components

Columns, walls, stairs and other parts are important contents in the structural design of architectural engineering, and relevant design staff need to scientifically design various components in the overall structure in the process of architectural structural design.In the process of designing cast-in-place concrete structures, designers need to deeply consider the functional requirements of the building and the direction of pipelines in the building, and at the same time need to scientifically prevent conflicts between different building structures. In the process of designing prefabricated building structures, designers must fully consider the connection relationship and nodes between different components. Therefore, in the process of building component design, design staff can effectively convert plan drawings by using BIM technology, and can find problems in the design of building structural parts in time, and take effective optimization and improvement measures.

2.4 In terms of architectural steel structure design

In recent years, with the continuous expansion of the scale of my country’s construction projects and the continuous development of science and technology, more and more new types of architectural structure models and building materials have emerged, especially in large-space and long-span architectural scenes. Steel structures are increasingly used. Therefore, in the process of building steel structure design, BIM technology can be used to model, which can effectively solve the application problems and connection problems that occur during the construction process. Taking steel structure reinforcements as an example, designers need to design the building as a whole Engineering structure, and then model the reinforcements and use BIM technology to control and restore the entire process to fully demonstrate the role and effect of steel structure reinforcements. For the connection problems existing in the construction of steel structures, designers need to deeply analyze the connection parameters between different parts of the steel structure, and then use BIM technology to reasonably design the connection mode of the steel structure in the operation process to obtain the best design achievement. In the past, the process of analyzing steel structures, it often required a lot of human resources, and it took a long time to obtain the corresponding results. However, by using BIM technology, it is possible to effectively adjust and optimize the existing problems in the construction engineering design and effectively improve the design quality of building structures.

3. Some suggestions on the application of BIM technology in building structure design

3.1 The so-called model maintenance technology refers to the use of BIM technology to build a construction project model

The main work content is to collect and summarize all the data information of the construction project through the use of BIM technology, and then find out the existing defects and errors through in-depth analysis of the data information, so as to effectively eliminate the information island. After completing all the above work, organize all the information by effectively combining the 3D model of the construction project. By using the search function in the BIM system, the efficiency of architectural design work can be further improved and the quality of architectural structural design can be guaranteed. However, it is worth noting that in the process of applying BIM technology, due to the defects of a single BIM technology function, the overall needs of the structural design of building engineering can not be fully met, so it is recommended to use the method of integrating multiple technologies and methods. At the present stage, the widely used method is “distributed”, that is, according to the technical support required at each stage of the construction project or the actual situation of the construction project, reasonable design is carried out for the corresponding BIM application technology stage.The precision of BIM model details mainly depends on the use of BIM technology. If only BIM technology is used, it will be very difficult to complete all the work. At present, in the construction industry, distributed B9M model is mainly used. To meet the various requirements of architectural structure design. For example, in design models, at present, our country is using BIM technology to design building structures.

3.2 Paving of pipeline lines

In order to ensure the normal use of the construction project, it is necessary to install the pipeline line correctly. In recent years, in the design process of building structure water supply and drainage systems, BIM technology is more and more widely used. In the process of paving the building structure drainage pipeline line, relevant staff can input the parameters of pipeline material into the computer by making full use of BIM technology, and then the computer according to the size of the building structure drainage system and input data, The pavement method of pipeline line is calculated accurately, and the pavement diagram of construction pipeline line can be displayed in three dimensions. It can be seen that paving pipeline lines by using BIM technology can promote the paving of pipeline lines to become more reasonable and effectively reduce or avoid the waste of building materials.

3.3 Effective coordination of prefabricated buildings and BIM technology

In the process of architectural engineering structure design, through the use of BIM technology, the role of B9M technology can be fully utilized, the rationality of the architectural structure can be fully demonstrated, and the design quality of the architectural engineering structure can be effectively improved. Therefore, in the process of using BIM technology, relevant staff need to attach great importance to the application of BIM technology, have an in-depth understanding of the building structure, and make full use of BIM technology in different construction stages of construction projects.In recent years, the development speed of assembly building is becoming faster and faster. In the construction engineering industry in our country, assembly building has now developed to become a main body. At the same time, the core of BIM technology and assembly building pattern technology are consistent with each other, therefore, coordination and matching of assembly building is the focus of work in the use of BIM technology.

In the process of the structural design of architectural engineering, B9M technology can effectively improve the design quality and effect of architectural engineering structures. The work content of BIM engineering designers is relatively complex. In addition to design, they also need to organize and manage internal and external cooperative owners and contractors, consider the safety plan of construction after design, understand the construction progress, provide the model and relevant data according to the engineering needs, assist various construction projects, and complete them smoothly according to the stipulated deadline. Therefore, BIM engineering designers not only need to design the structural project itself but also need to follow up various coordination and improvement functions in design and construction and need to participate in the site management after service design from beginning to end. Through an in-depth analysis of the current utilization of B9M technology in domestic architectural engineering design, it can be seen that there is still a large space for innovation and improvement in the application of B9M technology. As structural designers of architectural engineering, we should take traditional design experience as an important basis, make full use of the application of BIM technology, give full play to the advantages and use the value of BIM technology, and further improve the level of architectural design.